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- From: mikeg@psg.com (Mike Gallo)
- Subject: Comp.lang.oberon FAQ (monthly)
- Expires: Sun, 1 May 1994 07:00:00 GMT
- Reply-To: mikeg@psg.com
- Organization: PSGnet, Portland Oregon US
- Date: Fri, 8 Apr 1994 12:07:13 GMT
- Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
- Message-ID: <1994Apr8.120713.15265@psg.com>
- Followup-To: comp.lang.oberon
- Summary: This posting contains a list of Frequently Asked Questions
- (and their answers) about Oberon. It should be read by anyone
- who wishes to post to the Comp.lang.oberon newsgroup.
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- Xref: bloom-beacon.mit.edu comp.lang.oberon:1741 comp.answers:4822 news.answers:17828
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- Archive-name: Oberon-FAQ/system
-
- (* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *)
-
- Many FAQ lists, including this one, are available by anonymous
- ftp from rtfm.mit.edu in the /pub/usenet/news-answers directory.
- Thanks to all who have contributed! Further additions,
- corrections, and suggestions are welcome.
-
- mikeg@psg.com
-
- (* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *)
-
- Comp.lang.oberon Frequently Asked Questions
- The Operating System
-
-
- Copyright 1994 Michael Gallo
- (c) 1994 Michael Gallo
-
-
- THE OBERON SYSTEM
-
- From "The Oberon Guide"
-
- For the present, we focus on the system Oberon, beginning
- with a brief overview of its design principles. The underlying
- dynamic model is extremely simple. There exists a single
- process acting as a common carrier of multiple tasks. This
- process repetitively interprets commands, which are the
- official entities of execution in Oberon. Commands are atomic
- actions operating on the global state of the system. Unlike
- customary interactive programs, they rigorously avoid direct
- dialogs with the system user.
-
- Besides "single-process multitasking" and execution of
- commands in lieu of programs, the Oberon System also features
- automatic garbage collection, memory resident modules, text as a
- built-in abstract data type, tools for editing text and graphics,
- and program development tools.
-
- From "Oberon: A Glimpse at the Future"
-
- The result is a system that provides efficiency and
- reliability rather than offering inflated size, which
- dramatically increases the probability of bugs and flaws.
- What is most astonishing about Oberon is its smallness.
- The core operating system -- including the Oberon compiler --
- occupies only 131 KB, which is smaller than most [Microsoft
- (tm)] Windows utilities.
-
-
- OBERON SYSTEM 3
-
- From "Oberon System 3 -- A Realm of Persistent Objects"
-
- We soon decided to realize our ideas by developing System
- 3, an evolutionary version of the original Oberon system. From
- our vision and from examples like the one in Figure 1 it
- followed immediately that System 3 needs to be settled one
- important step beyond the ordinary state of object-oriented
- programming because it needs to be able to manage hundreds or
- even thousands of persistent objects and components that can
- appear in extensive variety, including at least character
- patterns, formulae, all kinds of figures, pictures, gadgets
- and widgets. What was obviously needed is a central object
- management and some concept like object library.
-
-
- GADGETS
-
- From The GADGETS User Interface Management System
-
- The GADGETS user interface management system (UIMS)
- is a graphical user interface to the Oberon system.
- Although it is based on the representation model of
- windowing user interfaces such as X Windows and
- Presentation Manager, GADGETS is a conceptual departure
- from the conventional graphical user interface (GUI).
- Several features such as the separation of application
- code and user interface, the interactive modification of
- user interfaces while applications are executing, the
- automatic generation of default user interfaces for
- applications, and the simplification of user interface
- programming have been incorporated into GADGETS. The
- result is smaller, easier to build application programs
- with a high level of integration between each other and
- the Oberon system. The GADGETS UIMS is extensible and
- provides a prototyping environment for alternative man-
- machine interaction styles. The high level of
- integration of GADGETS with the Oberon system makes the
- addition of graphical user interfaces to existing Oberon
- applications a relatively easy task.
-
- VERSION COMPATIBILITY
-
- "Is Oberon System version X compatible with version Y?"
-
- According to templ@inf.ethz.ch (Josef Templ),
-
- The Oberon ancestry is as follows
- Oberon = V1 ( V2 V4 | System3 )
- The main difference between V1 and V2 is the introduction
- of an extensible text model and the text editor Write.
- The main difference between V2 and V4 is the unification
- of the two text editors Edit and Write. In order to avoid
- confusion with System3, the direct successor of V2 is not
- named V3 but V4.
- The main difference between V2 and System3 is that
- System3 introduced (a year later) a more general object model
- (not restricted to text elements) and the notion of persistent
- object libraries.
- Many programs port between the different versions without
- any changes. Some programs need simple textual substitutions,
- and only very few need a considerable amount of reengineering
- (e.g. Write, Script).
-
-
- CONCURRENT OBERON
-
- From "Adding Concurrency to the Oberon System"
-
- Concurrency was not supported in the original Oberon
- system. We have argued that, although the Oberon experience
- has demonstrated that concurrency is not needed to support
- interactive applications in a system with a multiple window
- user interface, concurrency is nonetheless desirable in a
- single user system. We have demonstrated that it can be
- introduced without a significant increase in size or
- complexity by developing the Concurrent Oberon system. Since
- all interfaces remained the same or were extended, the
- semantics of the Oberon loop were preserved. Concurrent Oberon
- is completely compatible with the standard system [version 4]
- and all applications run without change.
-
-
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
-
- Sources cited in the FAQ list that are not listed in the
- bibliography are electronically available in PostScript and/or
- Oberon text formats from ETH Zrich. They can be acquired by
- anonymous ftp from:
-
- ftp.inf.ethz.ch:/Oberon,
- wuarchive.wustl.edu:/languages/Oberon, and
- gatekeeper@dec.com:/pub/plan/Oberon
-
-
- "Designing a System from Scratch" by N. Wirth; Structured
- Programming; 10,1 (January 1989) 10-18.
-
- "The Oberon System" by N. Wirth and J. Gutknecht; Software:
- Practice and Experience; 19,9 (September 1989) 857-893.
-
- The Oberon System: User Guide and Programmer's Manual by M. Reiser;
- ACM Press; 1992. This was reviewed in Computing Reviews articles
- 9109-0679, 9209-0651, 9209-0652, and 9207-0443.
-
- Project Oberon: The Design of an Operating System and Compiler by
- N. Wirth and J. Gutknecht; ACM Press 1992.
-
- "Implementing an Operating System on Top of Another" by M. Franz;
- Software: Practice and Experience; 23,6 (June 1993) 677-692.
-
- "OBERON for PC on an MS-DOS Base" by A. R. Disteli; Swiss Federal
- Institute of Technology (ETH Zrich); Technical Report #203,
- November 1993.
-
- Distributed Object-Oriented Programming in a Network of Personal
- Workstations by Spiros Lalis; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
- (ETH Zrich); 1994 (in preparation).
- --
- A designer knows he has arrived at perfection not when there
- is no longer anything to add, but when there is no longer
- anything to take away.
- -- Antoine de Saint-Exupery
-